Alex Pelletier
Alex's Ap Human Geo
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ch 2 : Notes

·      Demography:

·      The world population exploded after the black death.

o   This was largely because a lot more food could be grow.

o   Scientist discovered bacteria

o   A lot of little things came together to grow the population.

·      Developing country’s are having more babies then developed countries.

·      Japan went out with 300 scientist and copied the American and European way of industry.

·      Infant mortality rate: number of deaths within a thousand births that die in a year.

·      Birth rates go down during the great depression and during times of low economic growth.

·      Birthrates also went down in the 1960’s because people wanted to have different life style choices.

·      Crude Birth: Number of live births per one thousand of  live births .

·      Natural Increase rate:

o   In the year 200 the natural increase rate is 1.4%

o   That means the that every 50 years there will be a natural increase

·      Over Pop: When the population overgrows the resources that it can get.

·        In 1989 Canada had a net gain of 87m people

·      High natural increase rates tend to be clustered around the world.

o   When there are a lot of people in one place then the it will have a higher rate of natural increase

·      Total fertility rate: on average the number of children per child bearing women. (women: 15 – 49)

o   Has come down a lot since 1980

o   Total fertility rate thinks that the rate of fertility will not change over time.

o   It also looks at individual women and not society as a hole.

§  Foe example we know that Hispanic women tend to have more children the other people.

o   Global average right now is 3

o   People that are more settled tend not have as many babies.

o   Went down by 50% in Bangladesh

§  One man decided that he would loan money to people in groups of five.

§  Worked very week and charged 20% tax’s

§  They have a loan repayment rate of 98% which is 25% higher then America

§  Ultimately he convinced people that women should be working and not just making babies. 

o   In Europe it around 5 in one thousand : which is considered very good.

o   In the USA it is around 6.05 which is very good, Europe is considered the gold standard though.

·      The significance of life expectancy:

o   For a baby born today in the united states 78

o   Which is 51 st in life expectancy

·      There used to be more young people then older people.

·      But no a days the population isn’t a pyramid but a rectangle.

·      Population has grow largly because of the diffusion of medical products.

·      Population is also going up because more babies are being born safly and healthily. Population going down when people start to make more money.

·      There are five stages of population growth:

o   1: pre-modern

o   2: industrializing

o   3: mature industrial

o   4: past industrial

o   5:

·      If countries have a lot of dependent people then country has a lot of weight to carry.

·      Sex ration: number of makes to number of females

o   In Europe and North American there are 95 males for every 100 females

o   In the rest of the world there are 102 males for ever 100 females.

o   There are more men in places like : oil rigs , gold mines, ect.

·      Population falls during a famine

o   People die of starvation

o   Birth rates go down during a famine

o   People tend to leave famine stricken places

·      Every ten years there is a senses  that counts everyone and gets information about the people

o   immigrants tend to get under reported.

§  The door to door people go from property to property not from house to house.

o   The government bases program on the senses but the senses is usually not correct.

·      Most of the population growth in the world took place in the second half of the 20th century.

o   This happened because of the different stages that other countries were in.

o   Lowering death rate grow the population very fast.

o   As country’s become wealthier they tend to produce less babies

·      How to stall population growth

o   Textbook: birth control

·      Micro finance

o   Tiny loads to groups of people

·      Malfus :

o   Predicted the population will grow so much that we can’t feed everyone.

o   He did not think about advanced machines and new technologies

·      Green revulsion: selected breeding and using more chemicals to make the plants grow. 

·      Natural increase : In demographics, the rate of natural increase (RNI) is the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate of a population. If we neglect the migration, then a positive RNI number means that the population increases and a negative number means that the population decreases.

o   Use birth control to decrease

o   Being educated to decrease

·      Demographic transition model: The Demographic transition (DT) used to represent the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system. ...

o   When women become income earners the population growth goes down

·      Four stages of health transition

o   1. Feminine and epidemics

o   2. Receding pandemics

o   3. Age of degenerative and man made disease

o   4. age of delayed degenerated diseases

·      what is the greatest killer in the developing world:

 

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